Batting is the material commonly used as the middle layer in quilts and blankets. It acts as an insulator and makes the quilt thick and fluffy. It is available in folded sheets with thicknesses that range from just a few millimeters to 1/4". This thickness is called the loft. A low loft is thin and flat, a high loft is thick and fluffy.
You can choose batting made from natural fabrics such as silk, wool or cotton or synthetic polyester. Cotton is the most affordable of the natural fabric batting material and acts as a natural insulator in warm and cold months but it does have a low loft. A polyester batting material has a higher loft, holds its shape after repeated washings and is affordable.
While batting is commonly found in quilts and blankets it can also be used when upholstering furniture. Placed between the foam and the fabric it will prevent slippage and give a nice lift to the cushions.
Fabric is often used to upholster walls and using batting as an under layer will add thickness and give the wall some dimension. Depending on the thickness batting can also reduce noise and insulate the room.